Mountain bike if you want the pure TPT route, the bit near Silkstone Common is bumpy track with boulders, uneven terrain, gravel & many tree roots/other obstacles
That said, I’ve a mate who goes all over the tpt on a racer from the 1980’s…. Cost him about a tenner, done more miles than the space shuttle.
penistone to dunford bridge is a good start as its slightly uphill on the way out but not enough to put you off, but if you stop peddling you tend to fall off rather sharply
wonders of wakefield circular which you can get on down back of new miller dam http://www.gps-routes.co.uk/routes/home.nsf/RoutesLinksCycle/wonders-of-wakefield-cycle-route
Just waiting for my MTB getting delivered this week so l can get out with the young un. Here's a good website https://www.sustrans.org.uk/national-cycle-network
Penistone to Dunford Bridge would be fine on a racer. It’s a smooth trail. It’s only really the bit through the woods from between the Travellers above Oxspring & Silkstone Common that is rough as most of the trail between Silkstone Common & Worsbrough has been paved now.
You could follow TPT to Oxspring then follow back roads to Midhope which aren't to bad for traffic then straight over Strines (slightly hill but not too bad) to Ladybower and onto Bamford then train back to Barnsley.
Can do it on a spur of the Transpennine Trail through Broomhill, Doncaster and northbound from there for a quiet and pretty flat off road route. On road (from Carlton where I live) I've gone via Wakefield, Garforth, Tadcaster (about 80 miles round trip) and also done route through Wentbridge, Kirk Smeaton, skirt around Selby and through Naburn etc.
After doing a 8 mile ride and a couple of laps of Locke Park on my 1st bike in 20 years, I'm liking the sound of that.
A couple of years ago we cycled 'the way of the Roses ' morecambe to brid. Very enjoyable few days. Trains to morecambe and train from brid to donny. Staying at b&bs along the route. All quiet roads ncn. Got all the info from Sustrans.
Always loved the Pennine trail when my daughter came up from London... we didnt go far as she was only 9ish at the time; but she was always blown by the fact "Dad! Why does everyone say hello when you pass them up here".....it gave me the biggest grin
Just been up there walking, always kick the branches out of the way, quite a lot have fallen over the past few days with it being windy.