Instrument-maker, born in Halifax, Yorkshire, England, the most outstanding maker of precision scientific instruments of the eighteenth century, producing extremely precise scaled circles. In 1775, he made the first dividing machine that could enscribe precise divisions on the borders of small-diameter circles. He made the theodolites with 3 foot diameter circles used in triangulation to connect the geodetic networks of France and England, and the large altazimuth instrument with a 5 foot diameter vertical circle built for PIAZZI. His telescopes used achromatic lenses according to DOLLOND’s design (Ramsden was married to his younger sister). His name is commemorated in the design of the Ramsden eyepiece. and NOT the Ramsden ringpiece Copyright © Nature Publishing Group 2001 Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 6XS, UK Registered No. 785998 and Institute of Physics Publishing 2001 Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol, BS1 6BE, UK